Liver diseases in dogs and cats

Liver diseases are a common issue in both dogs and cats. The liver plays a vital role in detoxification, digestion, and metabolism. Here, we outline common causes, symptoms, and treatments for liver diseases in our furry friends.

Liver disease in dogs

Elevated liver values in dogs can have several causes:

• Reactive liver problems: Caused by medications or chemicals.
• Liver-specific issues: Such as liver inflammation, tumors, or circulatory disorders.
• Other diseases: Secondary conditions that affect the liver.

Symptoms

Symptoms of liver disease in dogs can be subtle but may include:

• Increased thirst and urination
• Vomiting and diarrhea
• Fatigue and reduced appetite
• Yellowish mucous membranes (jaundice)
• Abdominal pain or swelling
• Fluid buildup in the abdominal cavity

To ensure an accurate diagnosis, veterinarians may perform blood tests, ultrasounds, X-rays, or biopsies.

Treatment

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may involve:

• Medications: Antioxidants (Samylin, Zentonil), anti-nausea medication, and proton pump inhibitors to protect the stomach.
• Surgery: Removal of tumors or correction of vascular malformations.
• Diet: Low-protein and low-fat diets with high carbohydrate content. Examples of specialized diets include:
  • Royal Canin Hepatic
  • Hill’s Canine l/d Liver Care
  • Specific Heart & Kidney Support
• Supplements: Epato, B-Max B-vitamin.

Dogs should remain rested during the treatment period to aid recovery.

Prognosis

The prognosis depends on the cause of the disease and the response to treatment. Regular follow-up visits are recommended, especially if liver values remain elevated for 4–8 weeks.

Liver disease in cats

In cats, elevated liver values can result from:

• Reactive issues: Medications or chemicals.
• Primary liver diseases: Liver inflammation or tumors.
• Secondary conditions: Hyperthyroidism, diabetes, or pancreatitis.

Symptoms

Common signs of liver disease in cats include:

• Increased thirst and urination
• Vomiting and loss of appetite
• Fatigue and weight loss
• Abdominal pain or swelling
• Yellowish mucous membranes

Veterinarians may use blood tests, ultrasounds, and biopsies to establish a diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment methods are similar to those for dogs:

• Medications: Samylin, Zentonil, and other supplements to protect liver cells.
• Diet: High-quality protein is essential for cats. Specialized diets include:
  • Royal Canin Hepatic
  • Hill’s l/d Liver Care
  • Specific Heart & Kidney Support FKD
• Supplements: Epato, B-Max B-vitamin.

Cats should remain rested to facilitate healing.

Prognosis

As with dogs, the prognosis depends on the underlying cause. If liver values remain elevated despite treatment, a biopsy may be necessary for further investigation. Regular follow-ups are crucial to assess treatment progress.

Summary

Liver diseases in dogs and cats can be complex and require thorough diagnosis and treatment. Specialized diets, medications, and regular veterinary check-ups are key to improving the quality of life for animals with liver problems.