Adder bite
The European adder (Vipera berus) is Sweden’s only venomous snake and can be found across most of the country. It thrives in sunny areas with protective vegetation where it can hide. With its distinctive black, gray, or brown body and dark zigzag pattern along its back, the adder is relatively easy to recognize. Its triangular-shaped head also differentiates it from other Swedish snakes.
Symptoms of adder bites in pets
Adders often bite pets on their front legs or nose. The bite can be difficult to detect because owners rarely witness the incident, and the bite marks may be very small. The most common sign of a snakebite is significant swelling and pain around the bite area. Other symptoms include:
- Fatigue and lethargy
- Drooling and vomiting
- Bluish discoloration at the bite site
Note that adders do not always inject venom when they bite. If no venom is transferred, the pet may remain symptom-free.
Why snake bites always require veterinary care
A snakebite can be life-threatening because the venom affects circulation, blood clotting, and heart function. In severe cases, the pet may go into shock or develop an acute allergic reaction.
What should you do if your pet gets bitten by a snake?
- Contact a veterinarian immediately and follow their instructions.
- Keep your pet as still as possible to limit the spread of venom in the body.
- Avoid giving your pet medications such as anti-inflammatory drugs or hydrocortisone (so-called "snake tablets") without a veterinarian’s recommendation.
What happens at the vet?
Upon arrival, the veterinarian will conduct a thorough examination of your pet. Blood tests will be taken to assess how the venom has affected the body. The pet is often placed on intravenous fluids to maintain good circulation and kidney function. Pain relief is provided as needed, and your pet may need to stay at the clinic for several hours for monitoring and fluid therapy.
Aftercare and follow-up
Once your pet returns home, it is crucial to monitor their condition closely over the next few days, as some effects of the venom may appear later. We recommend scheduling a follow-up visit with the veterinarian approximately two weeks after the bite to ensure your pet’s health has fully recovered.
While pets often recover well from adder bites, seeking immediate veterinary care is essential.
