Urinary tract diseases in dogs
Dogs with urinary tract diseases usually show symptoms that are easy for owners to notice due to changes in the dog's behaviour. Commonly observed signs include:
- Changes in urination habits (increased frequency of needing to go outside, urination indoors).
- Dripping urine on the floor, for example, while sleeping.
- Excessive licking of the genital area.
- Sometimes, increased water intake may be the only sign.
You should always contact a veterinarian if your dog’s urination habits change, especially if you notice blood in the urine, the dog appears to be in pain while urinating, or if the dog is unable to urinate despite trying.
Preventing urinary tract issues in dogs
Regular and sufficiently long walks are important for urinary tract health. Dogs should have the opportunity to go on adequately long walks at least three times a day to ensure that their bladder is properly emptied.
Water access is also vital. Your dog should have regular access to plenty of water every day to produce urine and flush the bladder. If the bladder is not flushed daily, the dog is at risk of developing infections and other issues.
When walking your dog, it’s helpful to observe their urination patterns to detect any abnormalities early. Pay attention to the volume of urine, how often the dog urinates, as well as the color and smell of the urine.
Common diseases causing urinary symptoms in dogs
- Bacterial infections (if untreated, these can spread to the kidneys and cause irreversible damage).
- Inflammations (of the vagina or prepuce).
- Prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate gland).
- Bladder stones (usually in the bladder, but if they move to the urethra in male dogs, they can cause a life-threatening blockage, leading to uremia or bladder rupture).
- Polyps and tumors (causing symptoms such as blood in the urine).
- Pyometra (uterine infection, a serious condition in female dogs).
- Kidney failure.
- Liver diseases.
- Diabetes.
- Neurological disorders (causing issues with bladder control).
- Hormonal disorders.
- Injuries to the musculoskeletal system.
Diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract diseases in dogs
The diagnosis and treatment plan are determined by a veterinarian based on:
- Medical history and clinical examination.
- Laboratory tests, such as urine and blood tests.
- Additional diagnostic tools, which may include:
- Ultrasound.
- Contrast X-rays of the urinary tract.
- Endoscopy of the urinary tract.
- Biopsies.
Medication cannot be prescribed solely based on a urine sample. Clinical examination of the patient is a crucial part of diagnosing and creating a treatment plan.
Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may involve
- Medications, such as antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or hormone therapy.
- Surgery, for removing stones, tumors, or addressing structural issues.
- Supportive care, such as dietary changes, probiotics, or special food to promote urinary health.
Urinary tract issues in dogs can be painful and potentially serious. By closely monitoring your dog's urination behavior and seeking help when needed, you can prevent complications. Regular walks, sufficient water intake, and prompt veterinary care are essential for maintaining your dog’s health.
Remember that If your dog shows signs of pain, blood in the urine, or other abnormalities, don’t hesitate to contact a veterinarian.
